7日間コース
Master Linear Equations in 7 Days
From basic solving techniques to word problems and proportions — build the equation-solving skills that underpin all of algebra.
対象: Junior High 1 / Overseas Japanese students
Concepts & Worked Examples
Understand the principles of solving linear equations: transposition, properties of equality, equations with fractions/decimals, and proportional equations.
方程式とは? 2つの式が等しいことを表す式。方程式を成り立たせる値を解という。
等式の性質:
移項: ある項を符号を変えて反対側に移すこと。
例題:5x = 2x − 12 を解きなさい
5x − 2x = −12(2xを左辺に移項) 3x = −12 x = −4
検算: 5(−4) = −20, 2(−4) − 12 = −8 − 12 = −20 ✓
例題:2x + 5 = −12 + x を解きなさい
2x − x = −12 − 5(文字の項を左、数の項を右に移項) x = −17
まずかっこをはずしてから解く。
例題:2(x − 5) = 4x + 6
2x − 10 = 4x + 6 2x − 4x = 6 + 10 −2x = 16 x = −8
両辺に10や100をかけて小数をなくしてから解く。
例題:0.3x + 1 = 0.2x − 1.3
両辺に10をかける: 3x + 10 = 2x − 13 3x − 2x = −13 − 10 x = −23
両辺に分母の最小公倍数をかけて分数をなくす。
例題:(1/2)x − 2 = (1/4)x + 1
両辺に4をかける: 2x − 8 = x + 4 2x − x = 4 + 8 x = 12
例題:(5x − 1)/3 = (5x − 4)/6
両辺に6をかける: 2(5x − 1) = 5x − 4 10x − 2 = 5x − 4 5x = −2 x = −2/5
比例式: a : b = c : d ならば ad = bc(内項の積 = 外項の積)
例題:x : 6 = 5 : 3
3x = 30 x = 10
例題:(x + 1) : 4 = 3 : 2
2(x + 1) = 12 2x + 2 = 12 2x = 10 x = 5
ポイントは正しく方程式を立てること:
例題:「1個150円のりんごと1個100円のみかんを合わせて10個買い、代金の合計は1250円でした。りんごとみかんをそれぞれ何個買いましたか」
りんごをx個とすると、みかんは(10 − x)個 150x + 100(10 − x) = 1250 150x + 1000 − 100x = 1250 50x = 250 x = 5 → りんご5個、みかん5個 ✓
Solve: 4x − 8y = 5 ... wait, solve: 3x + 7 = x − 5
解答
3x − x = −5 − 7 2x = −12 x = −6
Transpose x terms to the left and constants to the right. Then divide both sides by the coefficient of x.
Solve: 0.07x + 0.12 = 0.1x + 3
解答
Multiply by 100: 7x + 12 = 10x + 300 7x − 10x = 300 − 12 −3x = 288 x = −96
Multiply both sides by 100 to clear decimals, then solve normally by transposition.
Solve the proportion: x : 8 = 3 : 4
解答
4x = 24 x = 6
Cross-multiply: inner product = outer product. 4 × x = 8 × 3, so 4x = 24, x = 6.
A store sells pencils for 80 yen and pens for 120 yen. You buy a total of 15 items and pay 1,400 yen. How many pencils did you buy?
解答
Let pencils = x, pens = 15 − x 80x + 120(15 − x) = 1400 80x + 1800 − 120x = 1400 −40x = −400 x = 10 Answer: 10 pencils, 5 pens
Set x as the unknown quantity, express the other in terms of x, write the cost equation, and solve.
Basic Practice
Strengthen your foundation with basic linear equation problems covering all key patterns.
Day 1の技法を練習。移項の正確さと分数・小数の処理に集中しよう。
Solve: 5x − 3 = 2x + 9
★☆☆☆☆
答え
x = 4
Solve: 7x + 2 = 3x − 10
★☆☆☆☆
答え
x = −3
Solve: 3(x − 4) = 2x + 1
★★☆☆☆
答え
x = 13
Solve: 4(2x + 1) = 3(x − 2)
★★☆☆☆
答え
x = −2
Solve: 0.5x + 1.2 = 0.3x + 2.8
★★☆☆☆
答え
x = 8
Standard Practice
Equations with fractions, decimals, and proportions at ★2-3 difficulty.
Pattern Practice
Systematic drill on all equation types: parentheses, fractions, decimals, proportions. ★2-3.
Applied Practice
Word problems and proportional equation applications at ★3-4 difficulty.
Advanced Practice
Complex word problems and multi-step equation challenges at ★4-5 difficulty.
Final Test & Bridge to Next
Comprehensive test covering all linear equation skills. Preview of simultaneous equations.