7日間コース
Master Similarity in 7 Days
Understand similarity conditions, parallel line ratios, midpoint theorem, and area/volume ratios of similar figures.
対象: Junior High 3 / Overseas Japanese students
Concepts & Worked Examples
Similarity conditions, proofs, parallel line ratios, midpoint theorem, and area/volume ratios.
相似な図形は形が同じで大きさが違う。対応する角は等しく、対応する辺の比は一定。
相似比: 対応する辺の比。
例:「直線ABとCDが点Oで交わる。AC // BD。△OAC ∼ △OBDを証明せよ。」
証明: ① ∠OAC = ∠OBD(AC // BD の錯角) ② ∠AOC = ∠BOD(対頂角) ①②より、AA で △OAC ∼ △OBD ∎
△ABCで DE // BC(DはAB上、EはAC上)のとき:
例:AD = 4, DB = 6, AE = 3 → EC = ? 4 : 6 = 3 : EC → EC = 4.5
△ABCで M, N がAB, ACの中点なら:
応用:四角形の各辺の中点を結ぶと平行四辺形になる。
相似比が m : n のとき:
例:相似比 3:5 → 面積比 = 9:25 例:相似比 2:3 → 体積比 = 8:27
Two similar triangles have sides 6 cm and 9 cm. Find the similarity ratio and the area ratio.
解答
Similarity ratio = 6:9 = 2:3 Area ratio = 4:9
Simplify the side ratio, then square it for area ratio.
In △ABC, DE // BC. AD = 5, AB = 15, AE = 3. Find AC.
解答
AD/AB = AE/AC → 5/15 = 3/AC → AC = 9
Parallel line proportionality: corresponding ratios are equal.
M and N are midpoints of AB and AC. BC = 14 cm. Find MN.
解答
MN = (1/2) × 14 = 7 cm
Midpoint theorem: MN = half of BC and MN // BC.
Basic Practice
Similarity ratios, parallel line proportions, midpoint theorem.
相似の基本を練習。
Similar triangles with ratio 4:7. If one side of the smaller is 12, find the corresponding side.
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答え
12 × 7/4 = 21
DE // BC in △ABC. AD = 3, DB = 9. Find DE:BC.
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答え
AD:AB = 3:12 = 1:4, so DE:BC = 1:4
Similarity ratio 1:3. Find the volume ratio.
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答え
1:27
Two similar figures have area ratio 16:25. Find the similarity ratio.
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答え
4:5 (square root)
Name the 3 similarity conditions for triangles.
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答え
AA, SSS ratio, SAS ratio
Standard Practice
Ratio calculations and guided similarity proofs. ★2-3.
Pattern Practice
All similarity patterns. ★2-3.
Applied Practice
Multi-step ratio problems and area/volume calculations. ★3-4.
Advanced Practice
Complex proofs and combined similarity problems. ★4-5.
Final Test & Bridge to Next
Comprehensive test. Preview of circle theorems.